Framing tool



Apri15,1932. Afm/HEEL@ n 1,852,277

FRAMING TOOL Filed March 8, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l HIP2VALLEY cursA 4COMMON Guns I Z8 O I l1!) l April 5, 1932 A. L. WHEELER FRAMING TOOLFiled March 8. 1929 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Apr. 5, 1932 UNITED STATESATENT OFFICE ARTHUR L. WHEELER, OF CLEVELAND, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OFONE-HALF TO S. E. BUDG-ERS, OF LIBERTY COUNTY, TEXAS FRAMING TOOLApplication led. March 8,

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in a framing tool.

One object of the invention is to provide a measuring device of thecharacter described whereby timbers may be measured, to be Cut, at thedesired angle, for use in buildings.

il, more particular' object of the invention is to provide a scale, ormeasuring device,

whereby rafters may be out on the desired bevel, and the angle of thebevel may be readily varied for roofs of different pitches.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the characterdescribed whereby common rafters, and hip and valley 16 rafters may bereadily measured to be out at any bevel desired to give the roof thedesired pitch.

Viith the above and other objects in view this invention has particularrelation to certain novel features of construction, operation andarrangement of parts an example of which is given in this specificationand illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 shows aside elevation of the device.

Figure 2 shows a side view taken at right angles to the View shown inFigure 1.

Figure 3 shows a cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure l shows an end view of the device.

Figure 5 shows a side view of a rafter cut from measurements of thescale, and

Figure 6 shows a plan view of a roof framework, shown for the purpose ofbetter illustrating the use of the scale.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, wherein like numeralsof reference designate similar parts in each of the figures, the numeral1 designates a flat measuring stick having a slot 2 extending approxikmately from one end to the other thereof. rThere is an arcuate segment 3fixed to one end of the base 4f and overturned from this base there is aflange 5 which lies adjacent the stick 1 and has the outstanding studbolts G, 3 which project through slot 2 and whose outer ends arethreaded to receive the clamp nuts 7, 7 by means of which said segment 3is adjustably secured to the measuring stick 1929. Serial N'o. 345,297.

1. lThere is a squarehaving the arms 8, 9 at right angles to each otherand the latter of which has the aligned extension 9 formed with anoblong longitudinal slot 10 to recel ve the stud bolt 11 which projectsout from one end of the base l and is eXteriorly threaded to receive theclamp nut 12 by means of which the square, above referred to, isadjustably secured to the base li. The free end of the arm 8 overliesthe front face of the segment 3 and has a lip 13 which engages under thesegment 3 and thereby retains the arm 8 in association with saidsegment. The said face of said segment 3 has the scales 14, 15 for thecommon cuts and the hip and valleycuts and the front face of the stick 1has the scales 16 and 17 for the common cuts and hip and valley cuts, ashereinafter defined. The flange 5 has a pointer 18 yattached theretowhose free end is upturned into association with the scales 16, 17.

Secured to one end of the measuring stick I there are the arcuatesegments 19,20 disposed at right angles to each other the front face ofthe former of which has the scales 21, 22 for common cuts and hip andvalley cuts, and

the front face of the latter of which has the scales 23, 24 for bevelcuts, all as hereinafter defined. Pivoted to the outer ends of the basesof these segments 19, 2O are the rules or straight edges 25, 26' whosefree ends are retained in association with .the scales of theirrespective segments by the lips 27, 28 respectively, which engage underthe respective segments. The pivotal connections between the rules 25,26, and their respective segments are obtained by means of therespective stud bolts 29, 3() which project from said bases throughbearing in said rules and whose outer ends are threaded to receive theclamp nuts 31, e2.

In Figure 6 the common rafters are designated by the numeral 33, the hiprafters are designated by the numeral 34 and the valley rafters by thenumeral 35.

After deciding the pitch to be given to the roof the pointer 18 shouldbe moved to the number on the scale 16 designating the degree of rise orpitch of the roof previously decided upon and the edge of the arm 8 andCFI Cal

the edge D of the rule 25 should then be brought to the same figure ofthe scales 14, 21 respectively as designated, or shown in Figure 1, thethumb screws 7 12, and 31, should then be tightened with the bolt 11 atthe outer end of slot 10. The implement should then be applied to therafter or timber to be cut as shown in Figure 1. Lines should then bedrawn along the edges indicated by the letters c, c to delineate theplate notch to be cut in the common rafter to receive the plate 36. Alsoamark should be made on the rafter or timber at the pointindicated bythe letter B and the scale should then be lifted from the timber and thepoint A placed at the 'point mark B. This operation marks off onemeasure the length of which vcorresponds to the length of rafter for onefoot of the width of the building, and measures of equal length to thenumber of one half of the width of the building in feet are thenmeasured off on the rafter and a diagonal mark should be then madeacross the rafter along the edge D and the rafter cut olf along saidline. The plate notch previously delineated along the edges c, c shouldthen be cut out and the pattern as thus provided, should be used to cutout all of the common rafters. The ends of the rafters beyond saidnotches, should be cut olf so as to leave the desired extension for theeaves, in completing this pattern.

In order to form a hip roof rafter the straight edge E of the rule 26should be brought or set at. the same figure used for the common cutsand then measured oft on the rafter as hereinbefore explained, using thepoint A as a starting point and marking along the edges c, c and D andalso along the edge E and the cut for the beveled end of the raftershould be made along the lines drawn at the edges D, E. However each setof these short, or jack, rafters, should be madey two measures shorterthan the previous ones and this will space the rafters, when erectedinto the roof structure, two feet between centers measured on the wallplate, this for the reason that each length of the measuring stick,taken at the desired pitch, equals one linear foot across the building.

The valley rafters are cut just the same as the short or jack raftersfor the hip roof with the exception that no plate notch is necessary anda straight line should be drawn from the point AA along the adjacentedge of the arm 9 entirely across the rafter and the timber should'becut ofi along said line. `liiorder to measure off the main hip rafters37' and valley rafters 38, the device must be reset or re adjusted, andthis is accomplished by moving the pointer 18 to the desired figure ofthe scale 17; that is, to the sameA figure `previously employed for thecommon cuts of the scale 16, and securing said pointer at said figure.rEhe straight edge 0 of theV arm 8 and the straight edge CZ of the rule25 should now be brought to the corresponding figure of the scales 15and 22 for the hip and valley cuts and there secured. Before making thisadjustment, however, of the arm 8, the arm 9 should be movedlongitudinally on the stud bolt 11, the long slot 10 permitting this, soas to properly form the plate notch defined by the edges c, c. in otherwords after the coinmon rafters have been cut and while 'the arm 9 ispositioned as shown in Figure 1 the adjustifient is then made forcutting the hip and valley rafters as above explained. When the arm 9,however, is swung around on the pin 11 the angle between the edges 0, owill describe an arc and will be carried out closer to the adjacentmargin of the iafter so that the arm 9 must be adjusted back ordownwardly as illustrated in Figure 1 so as to give theproper depth tothe notch defined by .the edges c, c. This notch must be the same as thecorresponding notch of the common rafters and the device is set toproperly form this notch when it is adjusted back in the slot 10 so asto give the depth of the common rafter notch. The valley rafters shouldthen be measured olf exactly as the common cuts were measured ashereinbefore explained, the number of measures necessary to give therequired length, beingV one half of the width of the building in feet. Y

The designating numerals of each scale represent the rise,or pitch, ininches for each foot run of the building, that is, for each linear footof the building taken on a horizontal line delined by vertical parallellines through the ends of the rafter in question.

What I claim is:

1. A device of the character described including a measuring stick, anarcuatesegment mounted on said stick and adjustable lengthwise thereonand having graduations, a square pivotally and adjustably mounted uponsaid segment and having one armassociated with said graduations, anarcuate ysegment fixed to said stick and spaced from said adjustablesegment, and having graduations, a rule pivotally mounted on the iiXedsegment and having. a straight edge associated with the graduations ofsaid iXed segment.

2. A'device of the character describedincluding a measuring stick, anarcuate segment mounted on said stick and adjustable lengthwise thereonand having graduations, a square pivotally and adjustably mounted uponsaid segment and having one arm associated with said graduations, vanarcuate segment fixed to said stick and spaced from said adjustablesegment, and having graduations, a rule pivotally mounted on the iixedsegment and having a straight edge associated with the graduations ofsaid fixed seglment, another segment, having' graduations, -and fixed tosaid stick and spaced from said adjustable segment, a rule having astraight edge pivoted to said last named segment and having its free endassociated with the graduations thereof.

3. A device of the character described including a measuring stick, tivosegments .fixed thereto and disposed in planes at substantially rightangles, each segment having graduations thereon, rules pivotally mountedon said segments and having straight edges, one rule being associatedwith the graduations of each segment, a segment adj ustably mounted onsaid measuring stick and having graduations, a square pivotally andadjustably mounted upon said adjustable segment and having one armassociated with the graduations on said adjustable segment.

al. A device of the character described including a measuring stick, twosegments fixed thereto and disposed in planes at substantially' rightangles, each segment having graduations thereon, rules pivotally mountedon said segments and having straight edges, one rule being associatedWith the graduations of each segment, a segment adjustably mounted onsaid measuring stick and having graduations, a square pivotally andadjustably mounted on said adjustable segment and having one armassociated With the graduations on said adjustable segment, said measur-.ing stick having graduations, and a pointer carried by said adjustablesegment and associated With the graduations of said measuring stick.

5. A device of the character described including a measuring stick, agraduated segment carried by said stick and adjustable thereon, a squarepivotally mounted upon said segment and one arm of which is associat-edwith the graduations of said segment, a graduated segment fixed on saidmeasuring stick and spaced from said adjustable segment, a rulepivotally mounted on, and asso ciated With the graduations of', said xedsegment, said measuring stick being also provided With graduations, anda pointer fixed upon said adjustable segment and associated with thegraduations on said measuring stick.

6. A measuring device including a measuring stick, a graduated' segmentcarried thereby f and adjustable thereon, a square pivotally mountedupon said segment and one arm of which is associated With thegraduations thereof, a pair of graduated segments spaced equidistantfrom the adjustable segment and fixed to said measuring stick, a rulehaving a. straight edge pivotally mounted upon, and associated With thegraduations of, each fixed segment.

7. A measuring device including a measuring stick, a graduated segmentcarried by said stick and adjustable thereon, a square pivotally mountedupon and one arm of which is associated With, said graduated segment, apair of graduated segments spaced equidistant from the adjustablesegment and fixed to said measuring stick, a rule pivotally mounted oneach fixed segment and having a straight edge associated with itscorresponding fixed segment, said measuring stick having graduations andsaid adjustable segment having a pointer associated with the graduationsof said measuring stick.

8. A device of the character described including a measuring stick, agraduated segment carried by said stick and adjustable thereon, a squaremounted upon said segment and one arm of which is associated with thegraduations thereof, a graduated segment fixed upon said measuring stickand spaced from said adjustable segment, a rule pivotally mounted on thefixed segment and associated With the graduations of said fixed segment,and means connecting the square adjustably and pivotally to the segmentWhereon it is mounted.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ARTHUR L. WHEELER.

